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Distribution of heavy metals in sediments of the Venice Lagoon: the role of the industrial area (Articolo in rivista)

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Distribution of heavy metals in sediments of the Venice Lagoon: the role of the industrial area (Articolo in rivista) (literal)

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Bellucci L.G.1, Frignani M.1, Paolucci D.2, Ravanelli M.1 (2002)
Distribution of heavy metals in sediments of the Venice Lagoon: the role of the industrial area
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The complex aquatic ecosystem of the Venice Lagoon is the result of a long history of human impact that can be read, in part, in sediment records. Despite the previous studies, the influence of the industrial area of Porto Marghera, though widely recognised, has not been entirely described and quantified.The aim of this work is to depict the spatial distribution of toxic metals (As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn) within the industrial district and the nearby Venice Lagoon and the evolution of lagoon sediment contamination. The following conclusions can be drawn: (1) sediments of the industrial canals are more contaminated than lagoon sediments and this means that the most important sources of metal contaminants were located in the industrial area; (2) the highest concentrations in surficial sediments are those found in the Nord Industrial Canal and in the Brentella Canal; (3) the strong concentration gradients within the industrial area are not caused by variations of sediment grain size, mineralogical composition or organic carbon content, which are significant only locally; (4) the contamination of lagoon sediments is not high and has decreased lately, though it is still important at site E1; (5) at present the contaminated sediments stored in the canals of the industrial area represent the major potential source of contaminants to the lagoon environment because they can be resuspended and mobilised by occasional events, such as dredging and passage of big ships. (literal)

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Titolo

Distribution of heavy metals in sediments of the Venice Lagoon: the role of the industrial area (literal)

Abstract

We sampled eighteen stations in the lagoon and nine in the canals of the industrial area of Porto Marghera. At each lagoon site a short core, 10 cm long, was taken and immediately extruded to obtain four slices 2.5 cm thick. Surficial sediment samples from the canals were 28 cm thick. Samples were analysed for As, Cd, Hg, Pb and Zn after acid extraction.Maximum values are seen in sediments taken from the oldest part of the industrial area (up to 132, 70, 48, 929, 8295 mg g for As, Cd, Hg, Pb and Zn, respectively), whereas the highest concentrations in the lagoon are much lower (25, 5.0, 2.3, 114, 1115 mg g for As, Cd, Hg, Pb and Zn, respectively).Metal distributions are not driven by sediment characteristics, such as grain size composition and organic carbon content: the strong gradients reflect the relative importance of the sources.In fact, a series of factories have been treating minerals for many years for the production of metals and chemicals.Concentration depth profiles in lagoon sediments suggest that the contamination is decreasing, thus confirming the trends shown by previous core data.Since the release of metals from the industrial plants has been reduced, the polluted sediments stored in the industrial canals are presently the most likely source of toxic metals to the lagoon environment.The influence of this source can be seen in the still high levels found in the lagoon sample closest to the industrial area. (literal)

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