Reshaping theory of cloud formation (Articolo in rivista)

Type
Label
  • Reshaping theory of cloud formation (Articolo in rivista) (literal)
Anno
  • 2002-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Charlson R.J. 1, Seinfeld, J.H. 2, Nenes A. 3, Kulmala M. 4, Laaksonen A. 5, Facchini, M.C. 6 (2002)
    Reshaping theory of cloud formation
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • Charlson R.J. 1, Seinfeld, J.H. 2, Nenes A. 3, Kulmala M. 4, Laaksonen A. 5, Facchini, M.C. 6 (literal)
Pagina inizio
  • 2025 (literal)
Pagina fine
  • 2026 (literal)
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  • L'articolo e' stato citato 23 volte nello spazio di un solo anno(ultimo rilevamento disponibile di fonte ISI) (literal)
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  • 292 (literal)
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  • Pubblicazione scientifica su una delle piu' prestigiose riviste internazionali con IMPACT FACTOR 28.956 (literal)
Note
  • ISI Web of Science (WOS) (literal)
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  • 1 Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle,Washington USA 2-3 Divisions of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Engineering and Applied Science,Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California USA 4 Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Finland 5 Department of Applied Physics, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland 6 Istituto ISAO-C.N.R., Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy (literal)
Titolo
  • Reshaping theory of cloud formation (literal)
Abstract
  • As predicted by Köhler some 80 years ago, droplet activation places an upper limit on the supersaturation of water vapor that can be reached in the atmosphere. Given sufficient solute or enough depression of surface tension, or a combination of the two, the supersaturation in a given situation will decrease. At high aerosol and soluble trace gas concentrations and for low cooling rates, strict activation is not necessary for formation of a visible cloud; indeed, a continuum exists from ambient aerosol to wetter and wetter particles to unactivated clouds to activated ones. What is seen as \"cloud\" can, in reality, be a collection of droplets ranging from fully activated to unactivated. By affecting cloud optical properties, these chemical phenomena may lead to nonnegligible global negative forcing and may be as important regionally as the Twomey effect itself. To assess the importance of the indirect climatic effect of aerosols, one seeks a robust connection between cloud droplet population and a prognostic variable from global aerosol models. How that link might depend upon chemical cloud activation effects, including variations in aerosol chemical composition, solute water solubility, solute surface tension lowering, and condensation of trace gases, remains to be determined. Lack of global data on these activation effects poses additional uncertainty beyond that already recognized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , making the largest uncertainty in estimating climate forcing even larger. (literal)
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