Fungal and bacterial metabolites associated with natural contamination of locally processed Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Nigeria (Articolo in rivista)

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  • Fungal and bacterial metabolites associated with natural contamination of locally processed Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Nigeria (Articolo in rivista) (literal)
Anno
  • 2015-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Francesca Fanelli, Abdus-Salaam Rofiat, Olusegun Atanda, Micheal Sulyok, Giuseppe Cozzi, Simona Bavaro, Rudolf Krska, Antonio F. Logrieco, Chibundu N. Ezekiel (2015)
    Fungal and bacterial metabolites associated with natural contamination of locally processed Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Nigeria
    in Food additives & contaminants. Part A. Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment (Online)
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • Francesca Fanelli, Abdus-Salaam Rofiat, Olusegun Atanda, Micheal Sulyok, Giuseppe Cozzi, Simona Bavaro, Rudolf Krska, Antonio F. Logrieco, Chibundu N. Ezekiel (literal)
Rivista
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
  • Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, via Amendola 122/0, 70126 Bari, Italy Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Department of Biological Sciences, McPherson University, Km 96, Lagos- Ibadan Expressway, Seriki-Sotayo, P.M.B. 2094, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln) Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babcock University, Ilishan- Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria (literal)
Titolo
  • Fungal and bacterial metabolites associated with natural contamination of locally processed Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Nigeria (literal)
Abstract
  • This study reports the fungal and bacterial metabolites associated with natural contamination of 38 composite samples of locally processed rice from five Agro-ecological Zones of Nigeria (AEZs). The samples were evaluated for the presence of microbial metabolites with the Liquid Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique. Among the identified metabolites, 63 fungal and 5 bacterial metabolites were measured at varying concentrations and occurrence levels. Fusarium toxins had the highest incidence of 79% but occurred in low amounts with fumonisin B1 (FB1) having the highest percentage incidence of 39.5% and a mean of 18.52 µg/kg. Among the Aspergillus toxins, aflatoxins (AFs) occurred in 36.9% of the rice samples with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) having the highest occurrence level of 18.4% and a mean value of 5 µg/kg. About 12 metabolites had incidence levels >50%, including beauvericin (BEA) and tryptophol which had occurrence levels of 100%. Among the emerging toxins under evaluation by international organizations such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), citrinin, sterigmatocystin (STER) and beauvericin were detected with maximum values of 207, 125 and 131 ?g/kg respectively. This paper also reports the first documented evidence of the contamination of Nigerian rice by bacterial and Alternaria metabolites, nivalenol, kojic acid, STER, moniliformin, fusaric acid, fumonisin B3, citrinin, 3-nitropropionic acid, andrastin A, cytochalasins, emodin and physicon. (literal)
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