Energy for the 21st century: Challenges and opportunities for chemistry (Comunicazione a convegno)

Type
Label
  • Energy for the 21st century: Challenges and opportunities for chemistry (Comunicazione a convegno) (literal)
Anno
  • 2014-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Nicola Armaroli (2014)
    Energy for the 21st century: Challenges and opportunities for chemistry
    in Horizon Chem 2014: Verso le eccellenze scientifiche di Horizon 2020: nuove sfide per la Chimica, Università di Milano - Bicocca, 24 Gennaio 2014
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • Nicola Armaroli (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
  • ISOF - Istituto per la sintesi organica e la fotoreattività (literal)
Titolo
  • Energy for the 21st century: Challenges and opportunities for chemistry (literal)
Abstract
  • The unprecedented improvement of the quality of life occurred in some regions of the world during the last century has been made possible by an over ten-times increase of the world primary energy consumption. Almost 90% of such energy has been obtained through the massive exploitation of fossil fuels that, in the decades to come, has to be significantly moderated due to environmental constraints. Solar energy occurs in several direct and indirect forms (e.g. electromagnetic radiation, air and water flows, biomass etc.) and is by far the most abundant, reliable, sustainable, and safe energy source that can qualitatively and quantitatively replace fossil fuels.[1,2] The transition to a solar-powered civilization will be a long and difficult process[3] in which some key trends can be envisaged: (1) growing share of electricity in energy end use;[4] (2) increase of efficiency in energy production and consumption;[1,2] (3) establishment of technologies for the manufacturing of \"solar fuels\";[5-7] (4) recycling the equipment used for converting renewable energy flows, that is often made of materials available in very limited supply (e.g. precious metals).[8] Solutions to the tremendous challenge of energy transition require the mobilization of huge human and economic resources in several scientific and technological fields, with chemistry playing a prominent role, as it will be briefly shown with some examples.[9,10] Bibliografia [1] N. Armaroli, V. Balzani, Energy for a Sustainable World - From the Oil Age to a Sun Powered Future, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2011. [2] N. Armaroli, V. Balzani, N. Serpone, Powering Planet Earth - Energy Solutions for the Future, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2013. [3] N. Armaroli, V. Balzani, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 52-66. [4] N. Armaroli, V. Balzani, Energ. Environ. Sci. 2011, 4, 3193-3222. [5] J. Barber, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2009, 38, 185-196. [6] T. Faunce, S. Styring, M. R. Wasielewski, G. W. Brudvig, A. W. Rutherford, J. Messinger, A. F. Lee, C. L. Hill, H. deGroot, M. Fontecave, D. R. MacFarlane, B. Hankamer, D. G. Nocera, D. M. Tiede, H. Dau, W. Hillier, L. Wang, R. Amal, Energ. Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 1074-1076. [7] R. J. Cogdell, A. T. Gardiner, L. Cronin, Philos. T. R. Soc. A 2012, 370, 3819-3826. [8] B. K. Reck, T. E. Graedel, Science 2012, 337, 690-695. [9] R. D. Costa, E. Orti, H. J. Bolink, F. Monti, G. Accorsi, N. Armaroli, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 8178-8211. [10] K. Yoosaf, J. Iehl, I. Nierengarten, M. Hmadeh, A.-M. Albrecht-Gary, J.-F. Nierengarten, N. Armaroli, Chem.-Eur. J. 2014, 20, 223-231. (literal)
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