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Prospection and Monitoring of the Archaeological Heritage of Nasca, Peru, with ENVISAT ASAR (Articolo in rivista)

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Prospection and Monitoring of the Archaeological Heritage of Nasca, Peru, with ENVISAT ASAR (Articolo in rivista) (literal)

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Deodato Tapete1, Francesca Cigna2, Nicola Masini3, Rosa Lasaponara4 (2013)
Prospection and Monitoring of the Archaeological Heritage of Nasca, Peru, with ENVISAT ASAR
in Archaeological prospection (Print); WILEY-BLACKWELL, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ (Stati Uniti d'America)
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1 Institute for the Conservation and Valorization of Cultural Heritage, National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy 2 British Geological Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Nicker Hill, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, United Kingdom 3 IBAM, Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage, National Research Council, Contrada S. Loja, -85050, Tito Scalo, Potenza, Italy 4 IMAA, Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis, National Research Council, Contrada S. Loja, -85050, Tito Scalo, Potenza, Italy (literal)

Titolo

Prospection and Monitoring of the Archaeological Heritage of Nasca, Peru, with ENVISAT ASAR (literal)

Abstract

The processing method based on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) amplitude information presented by Cigna et al. (2013, this issue) was used to extract the backscattering coefficient (?0) from ENVISAT advanced SAR (ASAR) scenes to investigate the archaeological heritage of the Nasca region, southern Peru. Average backscattering and ?0 time series in 2003-2007 were obtained for some of the most famous groups of the Nazca Lines, as well as for the adobe structures of the Ceremonial Centre of Cahuachi, and allowed the recognition of anthropogenic features on arid and bare soil. Despite the expected constraints due to the medium spatial resolution of the ASAR scenes (~30 m), some features related to the Nasca ancient aqueduct systems (puquios) were detected, and water level changes were inferred from amplitude change detection maps and ?0 time series. The SAR-based prospection results were also compared with a vegetation index derived from Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data for 2003, 2004 and 2007. The changes observed over Cahuachi and the neighbouring archaeological mounds are then discussed in light of the recent conservation history of the site and the contemporary archaeological excavations. The research opens interesting perspectives for routine use of SAR data for purposes of archaeological prospection and condition monitoring in (semi-)arid and desert regions. (literal)

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