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Crop yield reduction estimation using the FAO-CROPWAT model: a case study in Southern Chad (Articolo in rivista)

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Crop yield reduction estimation using the FAO-CROPWAT model: a case study in Southern Chad (Articolo in rivista) (literal)

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B.O. Gaouna, D. Stroppiana, P. Sarfatti, F. Ungaro Gaouna, B.O., Stroppiana, D., Sarfatti, P., Ungaro, F. (2003)
Crop yield reduction estimation using the FAO-CROPWAT model: a case study in Southern Chad
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B.O. Gaouna, D. Stroppiana, P. Sarfatti, F. Ungaro Gaouna, B.O., Stroppiana, D., Sarfatti, P., Ungaro, F. (literal)

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The research has been carried out in the framework of the \"Projet de Formation en gestion des Ressources Naturelles et Sécurité Alimentaire\" funded by the Italian Cooperation. The results of this study have been illustrated during the course \"Utilisatiopn des donneés sols et climat pour la derivation d'inputs pour la modelisation et l'analyse spatial pour la gestion des ressources naturelles\" held in Niamey, Niger (27 oct. - 8 nov. 2002) (literal)

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A water balance model developed by FAO (CROPWAT) has been used in or-der to estimate Crop Water Requirement (CWR), Soil Moisture Deficit (SMD) and yield reduction for a study area in Southern Chad. Spatially distributed climate, plu-viometric, crop and soil data have been used to assess millet, sorghum and rice sensi-tivity to water deficit. Simulations have been run for two sowing dates for each crop to represent early and late sowing. We assumed that no irrigation is available and water for plant growth is provided only by rainfall. Four types of SMD curves have been identi-fied and described as a function of the climate, soil, crop and sowing date. The latter appeared to be the most influent parameter, which affects water deficit. The results in terms of yield reduction show a little effect of water deficit on crop productivity. Only the soils charactherised by the presence of an iron cemented hardpan {Epipetric Plinthosols, profile 1, and Plinthic Lixosols, profile 6) and soils characterised by ex-tremely low permeability rate {Epigleyic Fluvisols, profile 2) show a reduction that should be taken into consideration although these soil types occupy only 1.4 of the study area. The analyses of yield reduction per growth stage show that the first and the last stages are definitely the most sensitive to water deficit thus contributing the most to total yield reduction estimated over the entire plant cycle. (literal)

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Bouré Ouéyé GAOUNA Centre Régional de Recherche AgronomiqueZone sahélienne (CRRA-ZSHL) Institut Tchadien de Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement(ITRAD) NDjaména, TCHAD Daniela Stroppiana, Paolo Sarfatti Istituto Agronomico per lOltremare (IAO,)Florence, Italy Fabrizio Ungaro Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica Unità Staccata di Firenze- Pedologia Applicata (IRPI-CNR),Florence,Italy (literal)

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