http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/ID130830

Chrysanthemum yellows phytoplasma and its vector Euscelidius variegatus: role of salivary gland and midgut barriers in the transmission (Abstract/Comunicazione in atti di convegno)

Type

Prodotto della ricerca (Classe)
Abstract/Comunicazione in atti di convegno (Classe)

Label

Chrysanthemum yellows phytoplasma and its vector Euscelidius variegatus: role of salivary gland and midgut barriers in the transmission (Abstract/Comunicazione in atti di convegno) (literal)

Anno

2008-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)

Alternative label

Galetto L., Nardi M., Marzachì C., Bosco D. (2008)
Chrysanthemum yellows phytoplasma and its vector Euscelidius variegatus: role of salivary gland and midgut barriers in the transmission
in 17th International Organization of Mycoplasmology, Tianjin, P.R. China
(literal)

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Galetto L., Nardi M., Marzachì C., Bosco D. (literal)

Pagina inizio

44 (literal)

Pagina fine

44 (literal)

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Proceedings of 17th International Organization of Mycoplasmology (literal)

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1 (literal)

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Phytoplasmas are transmitted by leaf-, plant-hoppers and psyllids in a persistent propagative manner. Chrysanthemum yellows (CY, Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris, 16Sr-IB), is a phytoplasma infecting several herbaceous crops, and Euscelidius variegatus Kirschbaum is one of its vectors. Both were used to investigate transmission as related to phytoplasma titre in the insect. Four weeks after the acquisition (AAP), about 200 adults were isolated on single daisy plants for inoculation (IAP). The experiment was repeated twice. In a second experiment about 100 E. variegatus adults were microinjected with a CY cell-enriched preparation. Two weeks later (after latency), survivors were isolated on single daisy plants for IAP. Insects were collected at the end of the IAPs and whole insects or separated heads and bodies were stored at -20 °C. The hoppers were classified as early-, late- or non-transmitters, according to the time needed for symptom development in the inoculated plants. DNAs from about 140 samples, representing early-, late- and non-transmitters, were extracted and analysed by PCR, and phytoplasma titre was quantified by real-time PCR. Transmission efficiencies were 78%, 83% and 74% in the two replicates of the first experiment, and in the second experiment. All the transmitter insects analysed were PCR-positive, while one third of non-transmitters tested were negative. CY titres in transmitters were always significantly higher than those in non-transmitters that were PCR-positive. No significant differences were detected in CY titres between early- and late- transmitters. Most non-transmitters had a low phytoplasma titre, and therefore a minimum amount of phytoplasma cells might be required for effective transmission. The results indicate that both midgut (in PCR negative non-transmitters) and salivary glands (in PCR positive non-transmitters) may act as barriers. Similar transmission efficiencies were achieved following feeding on infected plants (when passage through both midgut and salivary glands is required) or microinjection into the hemolymph (when only crossing salivary gland barrier is required). This suggests that salivary glands are the main barrier to transmission. (literal)

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