Actions to reduce the biodiversity loss: the campaign \"Countdown 2010\" and the project for the conservation of Zelkova sicula, a critically endangered endemism of Sicily (Abstract/Poster in atti di convegno)

Type
Label
  • Actions to reduce the biodiversity loss: the campaign \"Countdown 2010\" and the project for the conservation of Zelkova sicula, a critically endangered endemism of Sicily (Abstract/Poster in atti di convegno) (literal)
Anno
  • 2007-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Garfì G.; Siragusa M.; Carra A.; Abbate L.; Giannì S.; Vendramin G.G.; Buonamici A.; Di Marca A.; Livreri Console S.; Carimi F. (2007)
    Actions to reduce the biodiversity loss: the campaign "Countdown 2010" and the project for the conservation of Zelkova sicula, a critically endangered endemism of Sicily
    in 102° Congresso della Società Botanica Italiana, Palermo, 26-29 settembre 2007
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • Garfì G.; Siragusa M.; Carra A.; Abbate L.; Giannì S.; Vendramin G.G.; Buonamici A.; Di Marca A.; Livreri Console S.; Carimi F. (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#titoloVolume
  • Atti del 102° Congresso della Società botanica Italiana (literal)
Note
  • Abstract (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
  • CNR-Istituto di Genetica Vegetale - Palermo CNR-Istituto di Genetica Vegetale - Firenze Legambiente-Comitato Regionale Siciliano - Palermo (literal)
Titolo
  • Actions to reduce the biodiversity loss: the campaign \"Countdown 2010\" and the project for the conservation of Zelkova sicula, a critically endangered endemism of Sicily (literal)
Abstract
  • The current rates of biodiversity decrease are estimated from 100 to 1,000 times the natural background levels. Among the initiatives to stop this trend, IUCN launched the campaign \"Countdown 2010\" to encourage and enable decision makers and stakeholders to uphold their commitments and achieve the goal to \"halt the loss of biodiversity by 2010\". Accordingly, the Italian Ministry of Environment funded in 2006 a project to save from the extinction the tree species Zelkova sicula, a very rare endemism from Sicily. Zelkova sicula is a relic of the Tertiary flora and belongs to a genus which became extinct in the whole continental Europe during the Quaternary glacial age. Currently the entire population consists of about 230 individuals and the species is included in the IUCN Red List as \"Critically Endangered\" of extinction. Several investigations showed that its current habitat is somewhat far away from a bioclimatic optimum and the most recent trends in climate change certainly give rise to discouraging scenarios. Summer water stress, exclusive vegetative regeneration, heavy anthropic disturbances and lack of active protection measures are the main points of criticism in the conservation of this species. Furthermore, the long geographic isolation and the limited population size might have caused a rapid loss of intra-specific genetic variability. The project to save Zelkova sicula consists of specific actions to promote in-situ and ex-situ conservation. It entails research activities, on one side, focusing on the multiplication and the genetic structure of the residual population, and, on the other side, education and awareness campaigning. CNR-IGV and Legambiente, respectively, are the subjects involved. Several steps have been performed. Numbering, labelling and positioning of each single tree through a GPS device were first carried out. Leaf material and current year twigs were then sampled from all trees in order to perform genetic analyses and vegetative multiplication. Different protocols for the vegetative propagation were developed. Cuttings were collected at three periods of the year (February, May and October) from three types of plant stocks (herbaceous, semi-woody and woody) and then treated with several concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphtalene acetic acid (NAA). Introduction in vitro and micropropagation were performed using newly flushed nodal explants as starting material. Explants were firstly sterilized under several conditions and then introduced in vitro on WPM medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at different concentrations. The genetic diversity was investigated by molecular markers. Preliminary screening of genetic variation was performed using three ISSR primers. Then, codominant and potentially highly polymorphic nuclear SSRs were screened using primers designed in Zelkova serrata. Eleven SSR primers produced amplification products of the expected sizes in Zelkova sicula. Near absence of variation was observed in this species. (literal)
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