Wildfire-related debris-flow initiation processes, Storm King Mountain, Colorado (Articolo in rivista)

Type
Label
  • Wildfire-related debris-flow initiation processes, Storm King Mountain, Colorado (Articolo in rivista) (literal)
Anno
  • 2001-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Cannon S.H., Kirkham R.M., Parise M. (2001)
    Wildfire-related debris-flow initiation processes, Storm King Mountain, Colorado
    in Geomorphology (Amst.)
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • Cannon S.H., Kirkham R.M., Parise M. (literal)
Pagina inizio
  • 171 (literal)
Pagina fine
  • 188 (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#altreInformazioni
  • Il prodotto riguarda una tematica di estremo interesse anche nell'ambito europeo, e sulla quale non esistono molte ricerche in atto. La colaborazione con l'USGS, dove da anni sono in corso ricerche su tale argomento, risulta quindi di particolare importanza ai fini della valutazione della pericolosità da frana e da erosione in aree montane. (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#numeroVolume
  • 39 (literal)
Rivista
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#descrizioneSinteticaDelProdotto
  • Vengono illustrati processi di erosione e frane in aree interessate da incendi negli Stati Uniti occidentali. A seguito di incendi, specie se di forte intensità, si possono verificare infatti diffusi processi erosionali, sino a veri e propri movimenti gravitativi, con pericolo per le aree pedemontane, dove di frequente insistono attività antropiche o infrastrutture. Alcuni casi di studio vengono esaminati al fine di valutare l'aumento dell'erosione a seguito degli incendi, le modalità di trasporto del materiale, e le aree di deposizione. (literal)
Note
  • ISI Web of Science (WOS) (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
  • Cannon: United States Geological Survey, Golden , Colorado. Kirkham: Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado. Parise: CNR-IRPI, Bari (literal)
Titolo
  • Wildfire-related debris-flow initiation processes, Storm King Mountain, Colorado (literal)
Abstract
  • A torrential rainstorm on September 1, 1994 at the recently burned hillslopes of Storm King Mountain, CO, resulted in the generation of debris flows from every burned drainage basin. Maps (1:5000 scale) of bedrock and surficial materials and of the debris-flow paths, coupled with a 10-m Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of topography, are used to evaluate the processes that generated fire-related debris flows in this setting. These evaluations form the basis for a descriptive model for fire-related debris-flow initiation. The prominent paths left by the debris flows originated in 0- and 1st-order hollows or channels. Discrete soil-slip scars do not occur at the heads of these paths. Although 58 soil-slip scars were mapped on hillslopes in the burned basins, material derived from these soil slips accounted for only about 7% of the total volume of material deposited at canyon mouths. This fact, combined with observations of significant erosion of hillslope materials, suggests that a runoff-dominated process of progressive sediment entrainment by surface runoff, rather than infiltration-triggered failure of discrete soil slips, was the primary mechanism of debris-flow initiation. A paucity of channel incision, along with observations of extensive hillslope erosion, indicates that a significant proportion of material in the debris flows was derived from the hillslopes, with a smaller contribution from the channels. Because of the importance of runoff-dominated rather than infiltration-dominated processes in the generation of these fire-related debris flows, the runoff-contributing area that extends upslope from the point of debris-flow initiation to the drainage divide, and its gradient, becomes a critical constraint in debris-flow initiation. Slope-area thresholds for fire-related debris-flow initiation from Storm King Mountain are defined by functions of the form Acr(tanè)3=S, where Acr is the critical area extending upslope from the initiation location to the drainage divide, and tanè is its gradient. The thresholds vary with different materials. (literal)
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