Independent recruitment of saprotrophic fungi as mycorrhizal partners by tropical achlorophyllous orchids (Articolo in rivista)

Type
Label
  • Independent recruitment of saprotrophic fungi as mycorrhizal partners by tropical achlorophyllous orchids (Articolo in rivista) (literal)
Anno
  • 2009-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Martos F., Dulormne M., Pailler T., Bonfante P., Faccio A., Fournel J., Dubois M.P., Selosse M.A. (2009)
    Independent recruitment of saprotrophic fungi as mycorrhizal partners by tropical achlorophyllous orchids
    in New phytologist (Print)
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • Martos F., Dulormne M., Pailler T., Bonfante P., Faccio A., Fournel J., Dubois M.P., Selosse M.A. (literal)
Pagina inizio
  • 668 (literal)
Pagina fine
  • 681 (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#numeroVolume
  • 184 (literal)
Rivista
Note
  • ISI Web of Science (WOS) (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
  • - Martos F., Dubois M.P., Selosse M.A., CNRS, Ctr Ecol Fonct & Evolut, UMR 5175, Equipe Interact Biot, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France - Dulormne M., Conservatoire Bot Antilles Francaises, F-97100 Basse Terre, Guadeloupe - Pailler T., Fournel J., Univ La Reunion, UMR Peuplements Vegetaux & Bioagresseurs Milieu T, F-97715 St Denis, France - Bonfante P., Dipartimento di Biologia vegetale, Università degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy - Faccio A., IPP, Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante, CNR, I-10125 Torino, Italy - (literal)
Titolo
  • Independent recruitment of saprotrophic fungi as mycorrhizal partners by tropical achlorophyllous orchids (literal)
Abstract
  • * Mycoheterotrophic orchids have adapted to shaded forest understory by shifting to achlorophylly and receiving carbon from their mycorrhizal fungi. In temperate forests, they associate in a highly specific way with fungi forming ectomycorrhizas on nearby trees, and exploiting tree photosynthates. However, many rainforests lack ectomycorrhizal fungi, and there is evidence that some tropical Asiatic species associate with saprotrophic fungi. * To investigate this in different geographic and phylogenetic contexts, we identified the mycorrhizal fungi supporting two tropical mycoheterotrophic orchids from Mascarene (Indian Ocean) and Caribbean islands. We tested their possible carbon sources by measuring natural nitrogen ((15)N) and carbon ((13)C) abundances. * Saprotrophic basidiomycetes were found: Gastrodia similis associates with a wood-decaying Resinicium (Hymenochaetales); Wullschlaegelia aphylla associates with both litter-decaying Gymnopus and Mycena species, whose rhizomorphs link orchid roots to leaf litter. The (15)N and (13)C abundances make plausible food chains from dead wood to G. similis and from dead leaves to W. aphylla. * We propose that temperature and moisture in rainforests, but not in most temperate forests, may favour sufficient saprotrophic activity to support development of mycoheterotrophs. By enlarging the spectrum of mycorrhizal fungi and the level of specificity in mycoheterotrophic orchids, this study provides new insights on orchid and mycorrhizal biology in the tropics. (literal)
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