Spatial analysis in sustainability and conservation of rural and forest resources. (Abstract/Comunicazione in atti di convegno)

Type
Label
  • Spatial analysis in sustainability and conservation of rural and forest resources. (Abstract/Comunicazione in atti di convegno) (literal)
Anno
  • 2013-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Alternative label
  • CHIOCCHINI F., POLLEGIONI P., MATTIONI C., OLIMPIERI I., LUSINI I., CHERUBINI M., VILLANI F., MALVOLTI M.E., PORTARENA S., LAUTERI M. (2013)
    Spatial analysis in sustainability and conservation of rural and forest resources.
    in 9th SISEF National Congress "Multifunzionalità degli Ecosistemi Forestali Montani: Sfide e Opportunità per la Ricerca e lo Sviluppo", Bolzano, 16-19 Settembre 2013
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • CHIOCCHINI F., POLLEGIONI P., MATTIONI C., OLIMPIERI I., LUSINI I., CHERUBINI M., VILLANI F., MALVOLTI M.E., PORTARENA S., LAUTERI M. (literal)
Note
  • Abstract (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
  • Istituto di Biologia Agroambientale e Forestale, via Marconi 2 05010 Porano (TR) Italy (literal)
Titolo
  • Spatial analysis in sustainability and conservation of rural and forest resources. (literal)
Abstract
  • Rapid growth of human pressure on natural resources has led profound changes in the natural environment. Habitat destruction, fragmentation and isolation are widespread and resulting in human-dominated landscapes. Many species have suffered local extinctions due to fragmentation and loss of natural habitats, while their ability to expand and re-colonize is hampered by the low degree of connectivity between the landscape fragments. Biodiversity conservation depends, therefore, on the maintenance of functional ecological networks and on the specific capacity of adaptation in fragmented habitats. Initiatives aimed at sustainability and preservation of agro-forestry resources are needed to halt biodiversity loss and to restore habitat connectivity. Understanding the complex interactions between biological, physical and socio-cultural components that shaped the current landscape, has stimulated the development of interdisciplinary methods. They consider the landscape, and all the variables associated with it, as a fundamental element of analysis. Research in the landscape ecology field has improved understanding of both the causes and the consequences of spatial heterogeneity, and how these vary with scale, coming to an effective influence on management of both natural and human-shaped landscapes. An abundance of spatially-explicit datasets and GIS technology supply critical tools for exploring spatial variation in several ecological variables. GIS spatial analysis functions are now essential to investigate the spatial relationships among biological, physical and anthropic landscape components. In this study, we explored the possibility to combine spatial analysis techniques with analytical tools coming from different research fields, providing new insights in sustainability and conservation study of agro-forestry resources. Landscape genetics approach (Manel et al. 2003) that combine data and methods of landscape ecology and population genetics, was applied to understand the spatial genetic structure of forest species populations and the effects of the landscape composition (post-glacial expansion, environmental and physical barriers) on gene flow and genetic variability. We investigated the origin and the processes that have affected the current distribution of Castanea sativa in Europe, and Juglans regia in Asia, through the analysis of the spatial structure and genetic diversity of existing populations, in relation to landscape and environmental variables. We used the overlay technique, described by Holderegger et al. (2010), based on (1) identification of the main clusters of populations (genetic structure by Bayesian clustering), (2) detection of genetic discontinuities or barriers, and (3) interpolation of genetic variables/membership coefficient (Qi) among individuals or populations (kriging, IDW resulting in genetic isolines). The genetic clusters, genetic discontinuities, barriers, or isolines are overlaid on topographical or land cover/land use maps to search for spatial coincidences with landscape elements. Isoscapes, namely joining the terms isotopes and landscapes, are maps that represent spatial variability of isotope composition, as related to biological and biophysical processes. We explored the potential of combining stable isotope analysis techniques (IRMS) and spatial analysis to understand the spatial distribution of isotope ratio variation in rural and forest resources. Starting from a first attempt concerning the integration of isoscapes analysis in traceability studies of biological products, we present future research perspectives. (literal)
Prodotto di
Autore CNR

Incoming links:


Autore CNR di
Prodotto
data.CNR.it