Suppression of the NO2 interference by chromium addition in WO3-based ammonia sensors. Investigation of the structural properties and of the related sensing pathways (Articolo in rivista)

Type
Label
  • Suppression of the NO2 interference by chromium addition in WO3-based ammonia sensors. Investigation of the structural properties and of the related sensing pathways (Articolo in rivista) (literal)
Anno
  • 2013-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#doi
  • 10.1016/j.snb.2012.11.072 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Epifani M, Garcia-Castello N, Prades JD, Cirera A, Andreu T, Arbiol J, Siciliano P, Morante JR (2013)
    Suppression of the NO2 interference by chromium addition in WO3-based ammonia sensors. Investigation of the structural properties and of the related sensing pathways
    in Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical (Print)
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • Epifani M, Garcia-Castello N, Prades JD, Cirera A, Andreu T, Arbiol J, Siciliano P, Morante JR (literal)
Pagina inizio
  • 308 (literal)
Pagina fine
  • 312 (literal)
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  • 187 (literal)
Rivista
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  • 5 (literal)
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  • SI (literal)
Note
  • ISI Web of Science (WOS) (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
  • [ 1 ] IMM, CNR, I-73100 Lecce, Italy [ 2 ] IREC, Catalonia Inst Energy Res, Barcelona 08930, Spain [ 3 ] CSIC, ICMAB, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Cat, Spain [ 4 ] ICREA, Barcelona 08010, Cat, Spain [ 5 ] Univ Barcelona, Dept Elect, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain (literal)
Titolo
  • Suppression of the NO2 interference by chromium addition in WO3-based ammonia sensors. Investigation of the structural properties and of the related sensing pathways (literal)
Abstract
  • WO3 and Cr-WO3 powders were prepared by sol-gel process, with Cr:W atomic concentration ranging from 2% to 8.8%. WCl6 was used as W precursor and reacted with methanol in presence of acetyacetone as stabilizer. The required amount of Cr 2-ethylhexanoate was then added to the resulting solution, which was subsequently dried. The resulting powder was heat-treated at temperatures ranging from 200 to 700 degrees C. With increasing the Cr concentration, the samples heat-treated at 500 degrees C contained an increasing amount of the additional phase Cr2WO6, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction and Transmission Electron Microscopy. The sensing tests toward ammonia gas, from 50 to 500 ppm showed that, up to 5% concentration, Cr addition lowered the best operating temperatures and/or enhanced the response with respect to pure WO3, then the response remarkably decayed. DFT modeling showed that Cr(III) incorporation was more favorable in interstitial position while Cr (VI) was more favored in substitutional configuration. In this case, highly acidic Cr sites are present, enhancing the adsorption of ammonia species and reactions not involving NO2 as by-product. Beyond 5% Cr concentration, Cr2WO6 formation extracts Cr from the WO3 structure, so decreasing the ammonia response. Moreover, the appearance of Cr2WO6 seems to deactivate the surface adsorption properties of the material. (literal)
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