http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/ID272532
Electron Density analysis (Contributo in volume (capitolo o saggio))
- Type
- Label
- Electron Density analysis (Contributo in volume (capitolo o saggio)) (literal)
- Anno
- 2013-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
- Alternative label
B. Silvi, R. J. Gillespie, C. Gatti (2013)
Electron Density analysis
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, AMSTERDAM (Paesi Bassi) in Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry II, vol. 9, 2013
(literal)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
- B. Silvi, R. J. Gillespie, C. Gatti (literal)
- Pagina inizio
- Pagina fine
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#titoloVolume
- Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry II, vol. 9 (literal)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#volumeInCollana
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#pagineTotali
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
- B Silvi, Universite´ Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
RJ Gillespie, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
C Gatti, CNR-ISTM Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Milano, Italy (literal)
- Titolo
- Electron Density analysis (literal)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#isbn
- 978-0-08-096529-1 (literal)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autoriVolume
- Editors-in-Chief: Jan Reedijk and Kenneth Poeppelmeier : editors dei 9 volumi di Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry II (literal)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#curatoriVolume
- Editors-in-Chief: Jan Reedijk and Kenneth Poeppelmeier ; Santiago Alvarez (per volume 9 in particolare) (literal)
- Abstract
- The representation of matter at an atomic or a subatomic level
has been a permanent concern since antiquity. Such a description
is necessary to understand the structure and properties of
chemical systems. For a long time, it relied on speculations
rather than on experimental facts. With the renewal of atomism
and the introduction of chemical symbols, chemists began
to represent molecules by formulas in which the atomic symbols
are linked by straight lines representing bonds. The reliability
of the formulas is supported by indirect experimental
facts, such as stoichiometry, reactivity, and chirality evidenced
by rotatory power. In fact, chemists are like the prisoners of
Plato's cave allegory; nevertheless, they are aware that the
shadows on the wall are not constitutive of the reality and
also that they can tune the fire in order to get different spectra.
With the discovery of the electron in 1897 and later of the nucleus, it appeared possible to get a direct picture. The analysis
of the Geiger-Marsden experiment1,2 led to the modern picture of the atom with electrons surrounding a nucleus.
Moreover, it was possible to estimate the size of the nuclei, the radii of which are at least three orders of magnitude less
than those of the corresponding atoms, whereas electrons are much smaller. Indeed, less than 1/109 of the atomic volume is
occupied by massive matter. The size of the particles is a first limiting factor that hampers their direct observation in situ in
molecules and solids. However, a first step toward a workable representation of the electronic structure was accomplished by
Lewis,3 with his theory of the valence. Based on chemical knowledge and, more particularly, on Abbeg's law of valence
and countervalence,4 Lewis proposed a cubical atom model in which each valence electron occupies a vertex of a cube, as
represented in Figure 1. The model is completed by a series of six 'aufbau' rules enabling the buildup of the electronic
structure of atoms in molecules. (literal)
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