Lipophilic Defenses From Alcyonium Soft Corals of Antarctica (Articolo in rivista)

Type
Label
  • Lipophilic Defenses From Alcyonium Soft Corals of Antarctica (Articolo in rivista) (literal)
Anno
  • 2013-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#doi
  • 10.1007/s10886-013-0276-1 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Laura Núñez-Pons, Marianna Carbone, Jennifer Vázquez, Margherita Gavagnin, Conxita Avila (2013)
    Lipophilic Defenses From Alcyonium Soft Corals of Antarctica
    in Journal of chemical ecology
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • Laura Núñez-Pons, Marianna Carbone, Jennifer Vázquez, Margherita Gavagnin, Conxita Avila (literal)
Pagina inizio
  • 675 (literal)
Pagina fine
  • 685 (literal)
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  • 39 (literal)
Rivista
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#pagineTotali
  • 11 (literal)
Note
  • ISI Web of Science (WOS) (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
  • Departament de Biologia Animal (Invertebrats), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain. Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, I 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italia (literal)
Titolo
  • Lipophilic Defenses From Alcyonium Soft Corals of Antarctica (literal)
Abstract
  • Alcyonacean soft corals lack physical or skeletal defenses and their nematocyst system is weak, leading to the conclusion that soft corals mainly rely on chemistry for protection from predators and microbes. Defensive chemicals of primary and secondary metabolic origin are exuded in the mucus surface layer, explaining the general lack of heavy fouling and predation in corals. In Antarctic ecosystems, where generalist predation is intense and mainly driven by invertebrate consumers, the genus Alcyonium is represented by eight species. Our goal was to investigate the understudied chemical ecology of Antarctic Alcyonium soft corals. We obtained six samples belonging to five species: A. antarcticum, A. grandis, A. haddoni, A. paucilobulatum, and A. roseum, and assessed the lipid-soluble fractions for the presence of defensive agents in these specimens. Ethyl ether extracts were tested in feeding bioassays with the sea star Odontaster validus and the amphipod Cheirimedon femoratus as putative sympatric predators. Repellent activities were observed towards both consumers in all but one of the samples assessed. Moreover, three of the extracts caused inhibition to a sympatric marine bacterium. The ether extracts afforded characteristic illudalane sesquiterpenoids in two of the samples, as well as particular wax esters subfractions in all the colonies analyzed. Both kinds of metabolites displayed significant deterrent activities demonstrating their likely defensive role. These results suggest that lipophilic chemicals are a first line protection strategy in Antarctic Alcyonium soft corals against predation and bacterial fouling. (literal)
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