Exhaust emissions of volatile organic compounds of powered two-wheelers: Effect of cold start and vehicle speed. Contribution to greenhouse effect and tropospheric ozone formation (Articolo in rivista)

Type
Label
  • Exhaust emissions of volatile organic compounds of powered two-wheelers: Effect of cold start and vehicle speed. Contribution to greenhouse effect and tropospheric ozone formation (Articolo in rivista) (literal)
Anno
  • 2014-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#doi
  • 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.025 (literal)
Alternative label
  • M. Antonietta Costagliola; Fabio Murena; M. Vittoria Prati (2014)
    Exhaust emissions of volatile organic compounds of powered two-wheelers: Effect of cold start and vehicle speed. Contribution to greenhouse effect and tropospheric ozone formation
    in Science of the total environment
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • M. Antonietta Costagliola; Fabio Murena; M. Vittoria Prati (literal)
Pagina inizio
  • 1043 (literal)
Pagina fine
  • 1049 (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#url
  • http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969713010632# (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#numeroVolume
  • 468-469 (literal)
Rivista
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#pagineTotali
  • 7 (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
  • Istituto Motori of National Council of Research, viale Marconi, 8, 80125 Naples, Italy; Department of Chemical, Material and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio, 80, 80125 Naples, Italy; Istituto Motori of National Council of Research, viale Marconi, 8, 80125 Naples, Italy (literal)
Titolo
  • Exhaust emissions of volatile organic compounds of powered two-wheelers: Effect of cold start and vehicle speed. Contribution to greenhouse effect and tropospheric ozone formation (literal)
Abstract
  • Powered two-wheeler (PTW) vehicles complying with recent European type approval standards (stages Euro 2 and Euro 3) were tested on chassis dynamometer in order to measure exhaust emissions of about 25 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the range C1-C7, including carcinogenic compounds as benzene and 1,3-butadiene. The fleet consists of a moped (engine capacity <= 50 cm3) and three fuel injection motorcycles of different engine capacities (150, 300 and 400 cm3). Different driving conditions were tested (US FPT cycle, constant speed). Due to the poor control of the combustion and catalyst efficiency, moped is the highest pollutant emitter. In fact, fuel injection strategy and three way catalyst with lambda sensor are able to reduce VOC motorcycles' emission of about one order of magnitude with respect to moped. Cold start effect, that is crucial for the assessment of actual emission of PTWs in urban areas, was significant: 30-51% of extra emission for methane. In the investigated speed range, moped showed a significant maximum of VOC emission factor at minimum speed (10 km/h) and a slightly decreasing trend from 20 to 60 km/h; motorcycles showed on the average a less significant peak at 10 km/h, a minimum at 30-40 km/h and then an increasing trend with a maximum emission factor at 90 km/h. Carcinogenic VOCs show the same pattern of total VOCs. Ozone Formation Potential (OFP) was estimated by using Maximum Incremental Reactivity scale. The greatest contribution to tropospheric ozone formation comes from alkenes group which account for 50-80% to the total OFP. VOC contribution effect on greenhouse effect is negligible with respect to CO2 emitted. (literal)
Prodotto di
Autore CNR
Insieme di parole chiave

Incoming links:


Prodotto
Autore CNR di
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#rivistaDi
Insieme di parole chiave di
data.CNR.it