Commercial Application of AGRIPORT technology (Rapporti progetti di ricerca)

Type
Label
  • Commercial Application of AGRIPORT technology (Rapporti progetti di ricerca) (literal)
Anno
  • 2012-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Masciandaro, Grazia (2012)
    Commercial Application of AGRIPORT technology
    (literal)
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  • Masciandaro, Grazia (literal)
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  • ID_PUMA: cnr.ise/2012-PR-002 Numero rapporto Deliverable D.4.2 Titolo progetto: AGRIPORT ECO/08/239065/SI2.532262 - Agricultural Reuse of Polluted Dredged Sediments. Responsabile Dott.ssa Grazia Masciandaro. Ente committente: Unione Europea VII PQ Data di creazione: 2012-06-20 . Rapporto finale (literal)
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  • 38 (literal)
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  • Memorie interne (literal)
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  • CNR-ISE, Sede distaccata di Pisa (literal)
Titolo
  • Commercial Application of AGRIPORT technology (literal)
Abstract
  • CNR-ISE is going to carry out the Task 3 activities planned for WP4 concerning the monitoring of the process. The set up of the experimental design was carried out in September and consisted in the filling of 12 containers with about 0.7 m3 of Navicelli sediments mixed with an agronomic soil (30% v/v), adding high quality compost at surface level (40t/h), and planting the vegetal species selected. The experimental scheme is the following: i) Paspalum vaginatum, ii) Phragmites australis, iii) Spartium junceum + Paspalum vaginatum, iv) Nerium oleander+ Paspalum vaginatum, v) Tamarix gallica+ Paspalum vaginatum, vi) No plants (control). For each treatment two replicates were performed. A starting characterization of the material has been carried out few days after the plantation (T0, October 2010). In each container three samples were collected at surface (0-20 cm) and subsurface (20-40 cm) layers and chemical, microbiological, and biochemical analysis together with the heavy metals and pollutant organic compounds measurement were carried out. A second sampling has been carried out in April 2011 (T1) in the same way of the first. At this time, the leachate of each container has been also collected and analysed from chemical point of view (pH, electrical conductivity, nitrate, ammonium, water soluble phosphorous, water soluble carbon and heavy metals). In October 2011 (T2), a new sediment sampling was done considering the two different depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm). After the T2 sampling the earthworms (Eisenia fetida sp.) were added at a ratio of about 1Kg m-3 in one of the two replicates with the exception of the control without plants (5 containers). In May 2012 (T3), a new sediment sampling was done considering three different depths: 0- 20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm and the chemical, microbiological, and biochemical analysis of the sediments, together with the heavy metals and pollutant organic compounds measurement were carried out. The leachate was also collected at T3 sampling and analyzed from the chemical point of view in order to evaluate the need for further treatment before discharging. The analytical results were elaborated and discussed. During the drought season the irrigation system permitted the maintenance of the appropriate level of humidity necessary for plants growth and earthworms survival. In May 2012 the different plant species have been collected from each treatment with the aim of evaluating the development of their shoots and roots. The growth of the shoots of the shrub species ranged between 410% (Nerium oleander) and 670% (Spartium junceum) with respect to the initial plants. Spartium junceum showed also the higher percentage of root development (growth of 325%), reaching, at the end of the experimentation, a depth of 65 cm. Moreover, Phragmites australis reached 60% of plant cover and Paspalum vaginatum completely covered the sediment surface in all the treatments (100% of plant cover). After one year and a half of experimentation, all the plant treatments successfully decreased by 35-40% the concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPHs) in the sediment surface (0-20 cm) and subsurface (20-40 cm). At subsurface levels, the effectiveness of the phytoremediation systems was plant-specie dependent, with Phragmites australis, Spartium junceum and Tamarix gallica treatments more efficient in promoting total hydrocarbon degradation. The shrub treatments, induced also the higher reduction in heavy metals (20%) during the time. In these treatments, the increase in the biological parameters (total microbial population and dehydrogenase activity) indicated the activation of microbial metabolism favored by the organic matter application and the plant root-microorganism interaction, highlighting its influence on the activation of the decontamination processes. Moreover, comparing the plant treatments in presence of earthworms with those without earthworms a positive effect of microorganism-earthworm-plant interaction in terms of the improvement of physical-chemical and biological properties was observed in this relatively short time (six months). Lastly, very low of contaminants have been measured in the leachate, if comparing the data with the Italian Legislation limits (D.lgs. 152/2006). (literal)
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