FRACTIONATION AND ANALYSIS OF COAL- AND PETROLEUM-DERIVED SAMPLES (Contributo in atti di convegno)

Type
Label
  • FRACTIONATION AND ANALYSIS OF COAL- AND PETROLEUM-DERIVED SAMPLES (Contributo in atti di convegno) (literal)
Anno
  • 2012-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#doi
  • 10.4405/35proci2012.VIII7 (literal)
Alternative label
  • B. Apicella*, M. Alfè*, V. Gargiulo*, A. Ciajolo*, M. A. Millan ** (2012)
    FRACTIONATION AND ANALYSIS OF COAL- AND PETROLEUM-DERIVED SAMPLES
    in XXXV Meeting of the Italian Section of the Combustion Institute, Milano, 10-12 2012
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • B. Apicella*, M. Alfè*, V. Gargiulo*, A. Ciajolo*, M. A. Millan ** (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#titoloVolume
  • Meeting of the Italian Section of the combustion Institute (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#numeroVolume
  • XXXV (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#pagineTotali
  • 6 (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
  • * Institute of Research on Combustion - C.N.R., P.le Tecchio, 80, Napoli - ITALY ** Chemical Engineering Department- Imperial College, Prince Consort Road-London, UK (literal)
Titolo
  • FRACTIONATION AND ANALYSIS OF COAL- AND PETROLEUM-DERIVED SAMPLES (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#isbn
  • 978-88-88104-14-0 (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#curatoriVolume
  • A. Ciajolo, A. D'Anna, E. Mastorakos, F. Scala (literal)
Abstract
  • Heavy liquid fossil fuels are complex mixtures and their physical and chemical composition and properties strongly vary depending on their origin and treatment. The use of these fuels is very limited since they pose several problems of managing, combustion efficiency and environmental impact. Due to the high oil prices, refineries worldwide are now looking for an eco-friendly and efficient processing and utilization of these heavy fuels. Detailed definitions of their composition and thermal properties are relevant for the fuel processing and managing in refinery and combustion plants. In this work, fractionated solvent extraction of heavy crude oil and coal- and petroleum-derived fuels was performed with solvents of different polarity as heptane, toluene and N-methyl-pyrrolidinone (NMP). The fractionated solvent extraction showed to be able for the isolation of classes with narrow molecular weight (MW) and chemical properties suitable to be analyzed in detail. The characterization of each solvent fraction was carried out by means of Size Exclusion Chromatography, infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry for determining their MW distribution, functional groups, volatility and reactivity. The extraction procedure and analytical methodology were tested and applied to typical combustible materials of different volatility and chemical complexity as a coal-pitch derived from the high-temperature coking of a coal, a Maya crude oil and an atmospheric residue from a sweet-crude oil, named syncrude. Overall, the characterization of the solvent fractions showed that the solvent affinity of heavy fuels is determined by both volatility and chemical characteristics. Heptane solubilize the fraction of heavy fuels containing aliphatic compounds and/or aromatics with aliphatic substituents volatilizing in a relatively low temperature range (from 150 to 400°C). The heptane insolubilization mainly pertains to the lower volatility fraction (from 300 and beyond 500°C) containing heavy aromatic/aliphatic species. Toluene solubilizes the lower-MW aromatic/aliphatic species contained in the heptane-insoluble residue as in the case of a crude oil and syncrude. The heavy aromatic species contained in the pitch are completely insoluble in toluene. Solubilization in NMP, poor for highly aliphatic species, is efficient for highly-aromatic volatile species as those contained in the heptane-insolubles of pitch. (literal)
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