Unravelling soil fungal communities from different Mediterranean land-use backgrounds (Abstract/Poster in convegno)

Type
Label
  • Unravelling soil fungal communities from different Mediterranean land-use backgrounds (Abstract/Poster in convegno) (literal)
Anno
  • 2012-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Lumini E.; Orgiazzi A.; Nilsson R.H.; Girlanda M.; Vizzini A.; Bonfante P; Bianciotto V (2012)
    Unravelling soil fungal communities from different Mediterranean land-use backgrounds
    in EUROSOIL2012, Bari, Italy, 2-6 July 2012
    (literal)
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  • Lumini E.; Orgiazzi A.; Nilsson R.H.; Girlanda M.; Vizzini A.; Bonfante P; Bianciotto V (literal)
Pagina inizio
  • 2166 (literal)
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  • 1 (literal)
Note
  • Abstract (literal)
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  • Orgiazzi A.; Girlanda M.; Vizzini A.; Bonfante P.; Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale dell'Università degli Studi di Torino, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125 Torino, Italy; Nilsson R.H., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden. (literal)
Titolo
  • Unravelling soil fungal communities from different Mediterranean land-use backgrounds (literal)
Abstract
  • Fungi strongly influence ecosystem structure and functioning, playing a key role as decomposers, mutualists and pathogens. The Mediterranean area is a biodiversity hotspot that is increasingly threatened by intense land use. To achieve a balance between conservation and human development a better understanding of land use impact of on the underlying fungal communities is needed. We used massively parallel pyrosequencing of the nuclear ribosomal ITS regions to characterize the fungal communities in five soils subjected to different anthropogenic impact in a typical Mediterranean landscape: from natural Quercus forest through managed meadows to vineyards. We examined fungal diversity at the genus level and we found marked differences in the distribution of taxon assemblages among the different sites and communities. Each soil featured typical fungal taxa: ectomycorrhizal species were numerous in the natural sites but were nearly completely missing from the more anthropogenic sites; similarly, coprophilous fungi were common in anthropogenic sites but missing from the others. In addition, we observed that the fungal community composition is mainly influenced by organic matter abundance. The importance of soil fungi in complex carbon degradation was investigated in one of the five soils by examining gene expression profiles of the fungal cellobiohydrolase I gene (cbhI). Total number of fungal species was higher in natural soils than in soils subjected to land use. Dataset provided in this study may contribute to future searches of fungal bio-indicators of the land-use degree of the site. Preliminary results document the complexity of cellulolytic fungal communities in the Mediterranean ecosystems. (literal)
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