http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/ID180965
Pianosa Island: Structure, Functioning and Biodiversity of Main Ecosystems (Articolo in rivista)
- Type
- Label
- Pianosa Island: Structure, Functioning and Biodiversity of Main Ecosystems (Articolo in rivista) (literal)
- Anno
- 2004-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
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- Colom M.R.1*; F.P. Vaccari2; A. Scartazza3; E. Brugnoli3; G. Zerbi4; S. Sforzi2; R. Baraldi5; Cotrufo M.F.6; L. D'Acqui7; C.Santi7; C. Vazzana 1; R.Vivoli1; L. Spaccino3 (literal)
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- (1) Department of Agronomy and Land Management, University of Florence
(2) IBIMET - CNR Institute of Biometeorology, National Research Council, Florence
(3) IBAF - Institute of Agro-environmental and Forestry Biology, National Research Council, Porano
(4) DPVTA - Department of Crop Sciences and Agricultural Engineering, University of Udine
(5) IBIMET - CNR Institute of Biometeorology, National Research Council, Bologna
(6) Department of Environmental Sciences II University of Napoli, Napoli
(7) ISE - CNR Institute for Ecosystems Study, National Research Council, Florence (literal)
- Titolo
- Pianosa Island: Structure, Functioning and Biodiversity of Main Ecosystems (literal)
- Abstract
- Structure, ecophysiology and productivity of the main island ecosystems were studied. The studied ecosystems showed a different species composition, with different dominant plant species. All ecosystems showed a high plant species richness (between 21 to 30), with a higher proportion of perennials (60 %) and a lower percentage of annuals (40 %). Herbaceous plants (85-98 %) were dominant with respect to woody species. Woody plants are the 14 % of the total number of species found in macchia and woodland ecosystems. In each type of ecosystems plant communities were dominated by few species, as for example, Avena barbata in pasture/cultivated fields, or Juniperus phoenicia in macchia ecosystems. On pasture/cultivated fields a progressive invasion of pioneer shrub species is actually undergoing. Species association of macchia vegetation is very similar to so called \"Ginepreto Rupestre\", while some macchia areas showed a canopy height typical of Meso-Mediterranean Macchia. The pasture/cultivated fields and the macchia areas cover around the 53 and 37 % of island surface. On the other hand, a great fraction of island dry biomass was formed by macchia vegetation (61 %), while pasture/cultivated fields vegetation represent around the 26 % and woodlands only the 13 % of island biomass. In woodlands, species richness was associated to a higher Simpson index (0.502) with respect to macchia and pasture/cultivated fields. However the Shannon diversity index was found higher in macchia sites (0.415). Woodlands were also characterized by a higher diversity between families, as indicated by the Shannon index values, that were around 2.6, with respect to macchia (1,17) and pasture/cultivated fields (1.29). Carbon isotope composition (ä13C) on leaf dry matter was used to assess differences in photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination (Ä) and water-use efficiency (WUE) of the dominant species colonizing the main island ecosystems. This analysis indicated lower Ä and, hence, higher WUE in macchia and woodland ecosystem species than those of abandoned agricultural fields. During the warm summer Rosmarinus officinalis showed the highest photosynthetic rates (around 10 ìmol m-2s-1), within macchia vegetation. Carbon density for macchia vegetation was around 0.99 Kg of C m-2 , while nitrogen was 0.013 Kg of N m-2. Data colleted suggested that a re-naturalization processes it is actually occurring on Pianosa island, particularly on pasture/cultivated fields. Plant communities within each type of ecosystem studied, showed a similar species composition. Therefore, Pianosa island represents an important spot for biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration in the Mediterranean sea, however data collected are not exhaustive to know the entire functioning and structure of the island, but indicate that those species that are more abundant in the three ecosystems probably will be the driving forces of ecosystem responses to changing environmental conditions. (literal)
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