Invited review: Milk protein polymorphisms in cattle: Effect on animal breeding and human nutrition (Articolo in rivista)

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  • Invited review: Milk protein polymorphisms in cattle: Effect on animal breeding and human nutrition (Articolo in rivista) (literal)
Anno
  • 2009-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#doi
  • 10.3168/jds.2009-2461 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Anna Maria Caroli; Stefania Chessa; Georg J. Erhardt (2009)
    Invited review: Milk protein polymorphisms in cattle: Effect on animal breeding and human nutrition
    in Journal of dairy science; American Dairy Science Association-ADSA, Champaign (Stati Uniti d'America)
    (literal)
Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
  • Anna Maria Caroli; Stefania Chessa; Georg J. Erhardt (literal)
Pagina inizio
  • 5335 (literal)
Pagina fine
  • 5352 (literal)
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  • 92 (literal)
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  • 18 (literal)
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  • 11 (literal)
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  • ISI Web of Science (WOS) (literal)
  • Google Scholar (literal)
  • PubMe (literal)
  • Scopu (literal)
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  • Anna Maria Caroli - Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy; Stefania Chessa - Dipartimento di Scienze e tecnologie Veterinarie per la Sicurezza alimentare, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via trentacoste 2, Milano, 20134, Italy; Georg J. Erhardt - Institut für Tierzucht und Haustiergenetik, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Ludwigstr. 21 b, 35390 Gießen, Germany (literal)
Titolo
  • Invited review: Milk protein polymorphisms in cattle: Effect on animal breeding and human nutrition (literal)
Abstract
  • The 6 main milk proteins in cattle are encoded by highly polymorphic genes characterized by several non-synonymous and synonymous mutations, with up to 47 protein variants identified. Such an extensive variation was used for linkage analysis with the description of the casein cluster more than 30 yr ago and has been applied to animal breeding for several years. Casein haplotype effects on productive traits have been investigated considering information on the whole casein complex. Moreover, mutations within the noncoding sequences have been shown to affect the specific protein expression and, as a consequence, milk composition and cheesemaking. Milk protein variants are also a useful tool for breed characterization, diversity, and phyloge-netic studies. In addition, they are involved in various aspects of human nutrition. First, the occurrence of alleles associated with a reduced content of different caseins might be exploited for the production of milk with particular nutritional qualities; that is, hypoallergenic milk. On the other hand, the frequency of these alleles can be decreased by selection of sires using simple DNA tests, thereby increasing the casein content in milk used for cheesemaking. Furthermore, the biological activity of peptides released from milk protein digestion can be affected by amino acid exchanges or deletions resulting from gene mutations. Finally, the geneculture co-evolution between cattle milk protein genes and human lactase genes, which has been recently highlighted, is impressive proof of the nonrandom occurrence of milk protein genetic variation over the centuries. (literal)
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