http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/ID16014
Non-phenolic radical-trapping antioxidants (Articolo in rivista)
- Type
- Label
- Non-phenolic radical-trapping antioxidants (Articolo in rivista) (literal)
- Anno
- 2009-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#doi
- 10.1211/jpp/61.11.0002 (literal)
- Alternative label
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#autori
- Foti M.C.; Amorati R. (literal)
- Pagina inizio
- Pagina fine
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#url
- http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1211/jpp.61.11.0002/pdf (literal)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#numeroVolume
- Rivista
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#numeroFascicolo
- Note
- Scopu (literal)
- ISI Web of Science (WOS) (literal)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#affiliazioni
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR, via P. Gaifami 18, Catania and Dipartimento di Chimica
Organica ''A. Mangini'', via San Giacomo 11, Universita` di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (literal)
- Titolo
- Non-phenolic radical-trapping antioxidants (literal)
- Abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this review article is to introduce the reader to the mechanisms,
rates and thermodynamic aspects of the processes involving the most biologically relevant
non-phenolic radical-trapping antioxidants.
Key findings: Antioxidant defences in living organisms rely on a complex interplay
between small molecules and enzymes, which cooperate in regulating the concentrations of
potentially harmful oxidizing species within physiological limits. The noxious effects of an
uncontrolled production of oxygen- and nitrogen-centered radicals are amplified by chain
reactions (autoxidations), sustained mainly by peroxyl radicals (ROO), that oxidize and
alter essential biomolecules such as lipids, lipoproteins, proteins and nucleic acids.
Summary: Non-phenolic antioxidants represent an important and abundant class of radical
scavengers in living organisms. These compounds react with peroxyl radicals through
various mechanisms: (i) formal H-atom donation from weak X-H bonds (X = O, N, S), as in
the case of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), uric acid, bilirubin and thiols; (ii) addition reactions
to polyunsaturated systems with formation of C-radicals poorly reactive towards O2,
for example b-carotene and all carotenoids in general; (iii) co-oxidation processes
characterized by fast cross-termination reactions, for example g-terpinene; and (iv)
catalytic quenching of superoxide (O2?-) with a superoxide dismutase-like mechanism, for
example di-alkyl nitroxides and FeCl3. Kinetic data necessary to evaluate and rationalize
the effects of these processes are reported. The mechanisms underlying the pro-oxidant
effects of ascorbate and other reducing agents are also discussed. (literal)
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