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The Mathematical Structure of the Genetic Code (Contributo in volume (capitolo o saggio))
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- Label
- The Mathematical Structure of the Genetic Code (Contributo in volume (capitolo o saggio)) (literal)
- Anno
- 2008-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#doi
- 10.1007/978-1-4020-6340-4_6 (literal)
- Alternative label
Gonzalez Diego L. (2008)
The Mathematical Structure of the Genetic Code
Springer-Verlag, Dordrecht (Paesi Bassi) in The Codes of Life, The Rules of Macroevolution, 2008
(literal)
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- Gonzalez Diego L. (literal)
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- Pagina fine
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- Capitolo di libro nel quale si descrive una nuova teoria matematica del codice genetico. Considerazioni di simmetria consentono di definire nuove classi dicotomiche ed ipotizzare lesistenza di codici correttori degli errori allinterno del macchinario genetico. (literal)
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- http://www.springerlink.com/content/q122073q25753735/ (literal)
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- The Codes of Life, The Rules of Macroevolution (literal)
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- Capitolo di libro nel quale si descrive una nuova teoria matematica del codice genetico. Considerazioni di simmetria consentono di definire nuove classi dicotomiche ed ipotizzare lesistenza di codici correttori degli errori allinterno del macchinario genetico. (literal)
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- CNR-IMM UOS di Bologna (literal)
- Titolo
- The Mathematical Structure of the Genetic Code (literal)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#inCollana
- The Codes of Life (literal)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/pubblicazioni.owl#isbn
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- Gonzalez Diego L. (literal)
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- Marcello Barbieri (literal)
- Abstract
- Abstract In this chapter a new mathematical theory of the genetic code is presented,
based on a particular kind of number representation: a non-power binary representation.
A mathematical model is constructed that allows the description of many
known properties of the genetic code, such as the degeneracy distribution and the
specific codon-amino acid assignation, and also of some new properties such as, for
example, palindromic symmetry (a degeneracy preserving transformation), which
is shown to be the highest level of a series of hierarchical symmetries. The role of
chemical dichotomy classes, which varies between purine-pyrimidine, amino-keto,
and strong-weak following the position of the bases in the codon frame, is shown.
A new characterization of codons, obtained through the parity of the corresponding
binary strings in the mathematical model, together with the associated symbolic
structure acting on the codon space, is also illustrated. Furthermore, it is shown that
Rumer's classes (or degeneracy classes) can be obtained symbolically from the two
first letters of a codon by means of an operation, which is identical to that of parity
determination from a structural point of view. On this basis, the existence of a third
dichotomy class sharing the former properties can be hypothesized.
Two main facts related to this new theory are also discussed: first, the intrinsic
parity of codons in the number representation strongly suggests the existence of
error detection/correction mechanisms based on such coding. These suggested
mechanisms should work on the basis of the same general principles used in manmade
systems for the transmission of digital data, like those associated with CDs,
DVDs, wireless, and cellular telephone technologies. The hypothesis that, at an
implementation level, such error correction processes may be based on principles
borrowed from the theory of non-linear dynamics is discussed, placing them within
the more general context of genetic information processing; second, the existence
of a strong mathematical ordering inside the genetic code complicates to some
extent the framework for the explanation of the origin of the code (and consequentlyof the origin of life): if it is difficult to understand the origin of the code within a
necessarily short evolutionary time, it is still more puzzling to comprehend how a
high degree of ordering has been attained in such a short time if a clear biological
advantage cannot be associated with this mathematical structure. It must be
remarked that the few other mathematical approaches aimed at describing the
organization of the genetic code point to similar paradoxical conclusions (see also
Chapter 7, this volume). (literal)
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