http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/ID132942
Extremely thermophilic enzymes: their utilization in agricultural waste conversion for bioethanol production (Contributo in volume (capitolo o saggio))
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- Extremely thermophilic enzymes: their utilization in agricultural waste conversion for bioethanol production (Contributo in volume (capitolo o saggio)) (literal)
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- 2009-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
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Morana A.; Maurelli L.; La Cara F.; Rossi M. (2009)
Extremely thermophilic enzymes: their utilization in agricultural waste conversion for bioethanol production
Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge (Stati Uniti d'America) in Bioethanol: production, benefits and economics, 2009
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- Morana A.; Maurelli L.; La Cara F.; Rossi M. (literal)
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- Bioethanol: production, benefits and economics (literal)
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- Institute of Protein Biochemistry - C.N.R., Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy (literal)
- Titolo
- Extremely thermophilic enzymes: their utilization in agricultural waste conversion for bioethanol production (literal)
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- Bioethanol: production, benefits and economics. (literal)
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- 978-1-60741-697-5 (literal)
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- Erbaum, Jason B. (literal)
- Abstract
- The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars for low-cost fuels production represents a major challenge in global efforts to utilize renewable resources rather than fossil fuels. However, lignocellulosic materials, which represent the most abundant polysaccharides in nature, do not have encountered significant utilization for the difficulties associated with their degradation. In such kind of biomass, the chains of carbohydrates, mainly cellulose and hemicelluloses, are embedded in a lignin matrix which hinders their efficient degradation. Thermal, chemical, and biochemical approaches have been proposed, both individually and in combination, as promising solutions to overcome this difficulty, but the drastic conditions required by many pretreatment techniques give rise to problems when using conventional enzymes in the following saccharification step. In this context, enzymes isolated from microorganisms growing at extreme temperatures could represent an attractive solution since they are thermostable, active at high temperatures (thermophilic) and resistant to solvents and detergents. These unusual properties make them interesting candidates for the development of saccharification processes of lignocellulosic biomass. Here, we report on the hydrolysis of agricultural waste by thermostable enzymes isolated from extremophilic microorganisms. In particular, polysaccharide-degrading activities from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus, which grows optimally at acidic pH (2.0-4.0) and high temperatures (80-87°C), and originally isolated from a solfataric field in the area of Naples, have been used to hydrolyze at high temperature agro-based raw materials such as brewer's spent grains and corn stover. The raw material has been subjected to enzyme hydrolysis directly or after preliminary pretreatments in order to compare the efficiency of the enzyme saccharification process on differently treated material. Initial results indicated that incubation of brewer's spent grains with a combination of glycolytic enzymes from S. solfataricus at high temperature (80°C) and acidic pH (5.0) provided glucose, arabinose and xylose as final products. (literal)
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