Interaction of root-zone salinity and solar irradiance on the physiology and biochemistry (Articolo in rivista)

Type
Label
  • Interaction of root-zone salinity and solar irradiance on the physiology and biochemistry (Articolo in rivista) (literal)
Anno
  • 2008-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 (literal)
Alternative label
  • Rumorini D., Melgar J. C., Guidi L., Degl’Innocenti E., Castelli S., Traversi M. L., Massai R., Tattini M. (2008)
    Interaction of root-zone salinity and solar irradiance on the physiology and biochemistry
    in Environmental and experimental botany
    (literal)
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  • Rumorini D., Melgar J. C., Guidi L., Degl’Innocenti E., Castelli S., Traversi M. L., Massai R., Tattini M. (literal)
Pagina inizio
  • 1 (literal)
Pagina fine
  • 15 (literal)
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  • 66 (literal)
Rivista
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  • Pubblicazione scientifica riguardante gli effetti dell’interazione, stress salino e radiazione solare, sulla fisiologia e sulla biochimica di Olea europea. (literal)
Note
  • ISI Web of Science (WOS) (literal)
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  • Dipartimento di Difesa e Coltivazione delle Specie legnose”G.Scaramuzzi”Università di Pisa, Departamento de Agronomia,Universidad de Cordoba,Spain, Dipartimento di chimica e Biotecnologie Agrarie,Università di Pisa, IBBA-CNR, IVALSA-CNR. (literal)
Titolo
  • Interaction of root-zone salinity and solar irradiance on the physiology and biochemistry (literal)
Abstract
  • Root-zone salinity stress and high solar irradiance concomitantly occur in the Mediterranean basin, where Olea europaea is the dominating fruit-tree crop-species.Here we analyzed how changes in root-zone NaCl concentration and sunlight radiation affect relevant physiological and biochemical features in olive cv. Cipressino. Two-year-old plants were supplied with 0 or 125 mM NaCl and exposed to 15% (shade) or 100% sunlight (sun) over a five-week period, starting from July 10th 2005. Maximum air temperature averaged 31.7 °C or 33.2 °C, and leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit (vpd) 1.42 or 1.87 MPa at the shade or sun site, respectively. Measurements were conducted of i) gas exchange and plant growth; ii) the concentrations of cations and chloride; iii) the concentrations of soluble carbohydrates, violaxanthin-cycle pigments and polyphenols; iv) the protein oxidation and the lipid peroxidation. Salt-induced reductions in gas exchange performance and plant growth were greater at the sun than at the shade site, mostly due to light-induced changes in leaf water relations and vpd, rather than in the concentration of potentially toxic ions. Light-induced increases in leaf Na+ and Cl- concentrations were countered by parallel increments in the concentrations of K+ and Ca2+. Limitation to photosynthesis were largely stomatal at both sites, although mesophyll limitation to CO2 diffusion inside leaves likely contributed to limit net CO2 assimilation more at the sun than at the shade site. Sun leaves had sharply greater concentrations of mannitol and xanthophylls, irrespective of root-zone salinity. The amount of “newly assimilate carbon” allocated to polyphenols, especially to flavonoids, increased in response to salinity stress and high sunlight. Remarkably, the protein oxidation was greater in shade than in sun leaves of well- watered plants, and increased more at the shade than at the sun site because of high salinity. We suggest that heat-stress (on average max. T exceeded 33 °C for 50% of the experimental period), which acted in concert with salinity stress and sunlight irradiance in determining plant responses in our experiment, was responsible for leaf oxidative damage in plants growing under contrasting solar radiation. Indeed, sun leaves of salt-stressed plants were equipped with an extraordinary-rich arsenal of antioxidant compounds, distributed in different cell compartments, i.e., mannitol, zeaxanthin and flavonoids, which likely countered effectively oxidative damage driven by heat-stress, a clear example of cross-tolerance. (literal)
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